The indicators in this cell are meant to show how the research outputs have been used by peers. Evidence of such use usually takes the form of citations, but that does not apply across the board.
Many humanities studies produce hybrid products, i.e. outputs that are used in science/scholarship and in society. Evidence for the use of hybrid products can be provided in various ways, for example in citations, reviews and so forth, but also in the form of projects undertaken jointly by researchers and societal parties. These indicators can be also be entered into Cell C5, Use of research products by societal groups. Read more about hybrid publications here.
- Reviews of books, edited volumes, exhibitions and other research outputs
- Use of datasets, databases, software tools or research facilities
- Citations of articles, books and other publications (reasoned, standardised in some fields)
- Other uses by peers, for example references to alliances